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=============================================================================
FreeBSD-SA-97:04                                            Security Advisory
                                                                FreeBSD, Inc.

Topic:          security compromise via procfs

Category:       core
Module:         procfs
Announced:      1997-08-19
Affects:        FreeBSD 2.1.*, FreeBSD 2.2.*,
		FreeBSD-stable and FreeBSD-current 
		before 1997/08/12 suffer from this problem.
Corrected:      FreeBSD-current as of 1997/08/12
		FreeBSD-stable as of 1997/08/12
		FreeBSD 2.1-stable as of 1997/08/25
FreeBSD only:   no (also other BSD systems may be affected)

Patches:        ftp://freebsd.org/pub/CERT/patches/SA-97:04/

=============================================================================

I.   Background    

     Procfs provides a filesystem interface to processes on a system.
     Among others it is used by ps(1) and gdb(1).

II.  Problem Description

     A problem exists in the procfs kernel code that allows processes
     to write memory of other processes where it should have been prohibited.
     
III. Impact
     
     The hole can be used by any user on the system to gain root privileges.

IV.  Workaround

     A workaround is to disable the mounting of procfs. To achieve this,
     edit the file /etc/fstab and put a '#' in front of the line
	proc		/proc		procfs	rw 0 0
     Note that when you do that, some utilities may either not work anymore
     or have a limited functionality.

V.   Solution

     Apply one of the following patches in /usr/src/sys/miscfs/procfs,
     rebuild your kernel, install it and reboot your system.

     For 2.1 and 2.2 systems:
     
     Index: procfs_regs.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_regs.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.3
     retrieving revision 1.3.4.1
     diff -u -r1.3 -r1.3.4.1
     --- procfs_regs.c	1996/01/24 18:41:25	1.3
     +++ procfs_regs.c	1997/08/12 04:45:25	1.3.4.1
     @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs_regs.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/27/94
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      #include <sys/param.h>
     @@ -62,6 +62,8 @@
      	char *kv;
      	int kl;
      
     +	if (!CHECKIO(curp, p))
     +		return EPERM;
      	kl = sizeof(r);
      	kv = (char *) &r;
      
     Index: procfs.h
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs.h,v
     retrieving revision 1.12
     retrieving revision 1.12.2.1
     diff -u -r1.12 -r1.12.2.1
     --- procfs.h	1996/07/02 13:38:07	1.12
     +++ procfs.h	1997/08/12 04:45:20	1.12.2.1
     @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs.h	8.6 (Berkeley) 2/3/94
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      /*
     @@ -83,6 +83,18 @@
      	  (bcmp((s), (cnp)->cn_nameptr, (len)) == 0))
      
      #define KMEM_GROUP 2
     +
     +/*
     + * Check to see whether access to target process is allowed
     + * Evaluates to 1 if access is allowed.
     + */
     +#define CHECKIO(p1, p2) \
     +     ((((p1)->p_cred->pc_ucred->cr_uid == (p2)->p_cred->p_ruid) && \
     +       ((p1)->p_cred->p_ruid == (p2)->p_cred->p_ruid) && \
     +       ((p1)->p_cred->p_svuid == (p2)->p_cred->p_ruid) && \
     +       ((p2)->p_flag & P_SUGID) == 0) || \
     +      (suser((p1)->p_cred->pc_ucred, &(p1)->p_acflag) == 0))
     +      
      /*
       * Format of a directory entry in /proc, ...
       * This must map onto struct dirent (see <dirent.h>)
     Index: procfs_mem.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_mem.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.20
     retrieving revision 1.20.2.1
     diff -u -r1.20 -r1.20.2.1
     --- procfs_mem.c	1996/10/24 02:47:05	1.20
     +++ procfs_mem.c	1997/08/12 04:45:23	1.20.2.1
     @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs_mem.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      /*
     @@ -300,6 +300,23 @@
      	if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
      		return (0);
      
     + 	/*
     + 	 * XXX
     + 	 * We need to check for KMEM_GROUP because ps is sgid kmem;
     + 	 * not allowing it here causes ps to not work properly.  Arguably,
     + 	 * this is a bug with what ps does.  We only need to do this
     + 	 * for Pmem nodes, and only if it's reading.  This is still not
     + 	 * good, as it may still be possible to grab illicit data if
     + 	 * a process somehow gets to be KMEM_GROUP.  Note that this also
     + 	 * means that KMEM_GROUP can't change without editing procfs.h!
     + 	 * All in all, quite yucky.
     + 	 */
     +  
     +	if (!CHECKIO(curp, p) &&
     + 	    !(curp->p_cred->pc_ucred->cr_gid == KMEM_GROUP &&
     + 	      uio->uio_rw == UIO_READ))
     +  		return EPERM;
     + 
      	error = procfs_rwmem(p, uio);
      
      	return (error);
     Index: procfs_vnops.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_vnops.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.24
     retrieving revision 1.24.2.1
     diff -u -r1.24 -r1.24.2.1
     --- procfs_vnops.c	1996/09/03 14:23:10	1.24
     +++ procfs_vnops.c	1997/08/12 04:45:27	1.24.2.1
     @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs_vnops.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 2/7/94
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      /*
     @@ -120,16 +120,21 @@
      	struct vop_open_args *ap;
      {
      	struct pfsnode *pfs = VTOPFS(ap->a_vp);
     +	struct proc *p1 = ap->a_p, *p2 = PFIND(pfs->pfs_pid);
     +
     +	if (p2 == NULL)
     +		return ENOENT;
      
      	switch (pfs->pfs_type) {
      	case Pmem:
     -		if (PFIND(pfs->pfs_pid) == 0)
     -			return (ENOENT);	/* was ESRCH, jsp */
     -
      		if (((pfs->pfs_flags & FWRITE) && (ap->a_mode & O_EXCL)) ||
      			((pfs->pfs_flags & O_EXCL) && (ap->a_mode & FWRITE)))
      			return (EBUSY);
      
     +		if (!CHECKIO(p1, p2) &&
     +		    (p1->p_cred->pc_ucred->cr_gid != KMEM_GROUP))
     +			return EPERM;
     +
      
      		if (ap->a_mode & FWRITE)
      			pfs->pfs_flags = ap->a_mode & (FWRITE|O_EXCL);
     @@ -176,7 +181,6 @@
      procfs_ioctl(ap)
      	struct vop_ioctl_args *ap;
      {
     -
      	return (ENOTTY);
      }
      
     Index: procfs_fpregs.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_fpregs.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.3
     retrieving revision 1.3.4.1
     diff -u -r1.3 -r1.3.4.1
     --- procfs_fpregs.c	1996/01/24 18:40:56	1.3
     +++ procfs_fpregs.c	1997/08/12 05:24:20	1.3.4.1
     @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs_fpregs.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 1/27/94
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      #include <sys/param.h>
     @@ -62,6 +62,8 @@
      	char *kv;
      	int kl;
      
     +	if (!CHECKIO(curp, p))
     +		return EPERM;
      	kl = sizeof(r);
      	kv = (char *) &r;
     
     For FreeBSd-current systems:
      
     Index: procfs_regs.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_regs.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.7
     retrieving revision 1.8
     diff -u -r1.7 -r1.8
     --- procfs_regs.c	1997/08/02 14:32:16	1.7
     +++ procfs_regs.c	1997/08/12 04:34:29	1.8
     @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
       *	@(#)procfs_regs.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 6/15/94
       *
       * From:
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      #include <sys/param.h>
     @@ -60,6 +60,8 @@
      	char *kv;
      	int kl;
      
     +	if (!CHECKIO(curp, p))
     +		return EPERM;
      	kl = sizeof(r);
      	kv = (char *) &r;
      
     Index: procfs.h
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs.h,v
     retrieving revision 1.15
     retrieving revision 1.16
     diff -u -r1.15 -r1.16
     --- procfs.h	1997/02/22 09:40:26	1.15
     +++ procfs.h	1997/08/12 04:34:27	1.16
     @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
       *	@(#)procfs.h	8.9 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
       *
       * From:
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      /*
     @@ -85,6 +85,18 @@
      	  (bcmp((s), (cnp)->cn_nameptr, (len)) == 0))
      
      #define KMEM_GROUP 2
     +
     +/*
     + * Check to see whether access to target process is allowed
     + * Evaluates to 1 if access is allowed.
     + */
     +#define CHECKIO(p1, p2) \
     +     ((((p1)->p_cred->pc_ucred->cr_uid == (p2)->p_cred->p_ruid) && \
     +       ((p1)->p_cred->p_ruid == (p2)->p_cred->p_ruid) && \
     +       ((p1)->p_cred->p_svuid == (p2)->p_cred->p_ruid) && \
     +       ((p2)->p_flag & P_SUGID) == 0) || \
     +      (suser((p1)->p_cred->pc_ucred, &(p1)->p_acflag) == 0))
     +      
      /*
       * Format of a directory entry in /proc, ...
       * This must map onto struct dirent (see <dirent.h>)
     Index: procfs_mem.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_mem.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.26
     retrieving revision 1.27
     diff -u -r1.26 -r1.27
     --- procfs_mem.c	1997/08/02 14:32:14	1.26
     +++ procfs_mem.c	1997/08/12 04:34:28	1.27
     @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs_mem.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 6/15/94
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      /*
     @@ -276,6 +276,23 @@
      
      	if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
      		return (0);
     +
     + 	/*
     + 	 * XXX
     + 	 * We need to check for KMEM_GROUP because ps is sgid kmem;
     + 	 * not allowing it here causes ps to not work properly.  Arguably,
     + 	 * this is a bug with what ps does.  We only need to do this
     + 	 * for Pmem nodes, and only if it's reading.  This is still not
     + 	 * good, as it may still be possible to grab illicit data if
     + 	 * a process somehow gets to be KMEM_GROUP.  Note that this also
     + 	 * means that KMEM_GROUP can't change without editing procfs.h!
     + 	 * All in all, quite yucky.
     + 	 */
     + 
     + 	if (!CHECKIO(curp, p) &&
     +	    !(curp->p_cred->pc_ucred->cr_gid == KMEM_GROUP &&
     +	      uio->uio_rw == UIO_READ))
     + 		return EPERM;
      
      	return (procfs_rwmem(p, uio));
      }
     Index: procfs_vnops.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_vnops.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.30
     retrieving revision 1.31
     diff -u -r1.30 -r1.31
     --- procfs_vnops.c	1997/08/02 14:32:20	1.30
     +++ procfs_vnops.c	1997/08/12 04:34:30	1.31
     @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       *
       *	@(#)procfs_vnops.c	8.18 (Berkeley) 5/21/95
       *
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      /*
     @@ -127,16 +127,21 @@
      	} */ *ap;
      {
      	struct pfsnode *pfs = VTOPFS(ap->a_vp);
     +	struct proc *p1 = ap->a_p, *p2 = PFIND(pfs->pfs_pid);
     +
     +	if (p2 == NULL)
     +		return ENOENT;
      
      	switch (pfs->pfs_type) {
      	case Pmem:
     -		if (PFIND(pfs->pfs_pid) == 0)
     -			return (ENOENT);	/* was ESRCH, jsp */
     -
      		if ((pfs->pfs_flags & FWRITE) && (ap->a_mode & O_EXCL) ||
      		    (pfs->pfs_flags & O_EXCL) && (ap->a_mode & FWRITE))
      			return (EBUSY);
      
     +		if (!CHECKIO(p1, p2) &&
     +		    (p1->p_cred->pc_ucred->cr_gid != KMEM_GROUP))
     +			return EPERM;
     +
      		if (ap->a_mode & FWRITE)
      			pfs->pfs_flags = ap->a_mode & (FWRITE|O_EXCL);
      
     @@ -194,7 +199,6 @@
      		struct proc *a_p;
      	} */ *ap;
      {
     -
      	return (ENOTTY);
      }
      
     Index: procfs_fpregs.c
     ===================================================================
     RCS file: /home/cvsup/freebsd/CVS/src/sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_fpregs.c,v
     retrieving revision 1.7
     retrieving revision 1.8
     diff -u -r1.7 -r1.8
     --- procfs_fpregs.c	1997/08/02 14:32:11	1.7
     +++ procfs_fpregs.c	1997/08/12 05:23:51	1.8
     @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
       *	@(#)procfs_fpregs.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 6/15/94
       *
       * From:
     - *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
     + *	$Id: FreeBSD-SA-97:04.procfs.asc,v 1.1 2001/09/02 00:04:38 kris Exp $
       */
      
      #include <sys/param.h>
     @@ -60,6 +60,8 @@
      	char *kv;
      	int kl;
      
     +	if (!CHECKIO(curp, p))
     +		return EPERM;
      	kl = sizeof(r);
      	kv = (char *) &r;
      
     (These patches can also be found on
	ftp://freebsd.org/pub/CERT/patches/SA-97:04/)
     
VI.   Thanks

     This problem was brought to light by Brian Mitchell
     <brian@firehouse.net>
     
=============================================================================
FreeBSD, Inc.

Web Site:                       http://www.freebsd.org/
Confidential contacts:          security-officer@freebsd.org
PGP Key:                        ftp://freebsd.org/pub/CERT/public_key.asc
Security notifications:         security-notifications@freebsd.org
Security public discussion:     security@freebsd.org

Notice: Any patches in this document may not apply cleanly due to
        modifications caused by digital signature or mailer software.
        Please reference the URL listed at the top of this document
        for original copies of all patches if necessary.
=============================================================================

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